Russian Federation
The relevance of this study stems from the deepening transformation of socioeconomic systems in the context of global instability, accelerated digitalization, intensifying geopolitical contradictions, and the structural restructuring of national economies. Under these conditions, economic security is becoming systemic and multidimensional, requiring a revision of established theoretical approaches and practical mechanisms for its implementation. This issue is particularly significant for Russia, where the pressure of sanctions, import substitution, and regional differentiation are reinforcing the need to develop a sustainable model of socioeconomic development. This study provides a systemic analysis of modern approaches to interpreting economic security, revealing its multi-layered structure and demonstrating the evolution of risk factors in the context of digitalization and global transformation. It is revealed that, along with traditional threats (external economic shocks, financial instability, resource constraints), digital and cyber risks, technological dependence, institutional constraints, and the vulnerability of global value chains are becoming increasingly important. The dual role of digitalization as a source of new threats and, simultaneously, a tool for enhancing resilience through the implementation of analytical and predictive risk management technologies is substantiated. Considerable attention is paid to the regional aspect of economic security. The paper demonstrates that structural transformations of the economies of Russia's regions are characterized by heterogeneity and the emergence of different development trajectories depending on industry specialization, the level of innovation activity, and the quality of governance institutions. Based on an analysis of modern methodological approaches, regional types are identified based on their level of diversification and economic complexity, and key areas of structural adaptation related to the development of clusters, digital, and high-tech industries are identified. It is concluded that structural transformation and diversification of the regional economy are essential conditions for strengthening economic security and reducing spatial disparities.
economic security, socio-economic transformation, strategic sustainability, risks and threats, public policy, and digitalization
1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2017, No. 208 "On the Economic Security Strategy of the Russian Federation through 2030."
2. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 2, 2021, No. 400 "On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation."
3. Komarov, M.P., Matveyev, V.V. "Theoretical Analysis of the Main Provisions of the 2015 and 2021 National Security Strategies of the Russian Federation." National Security and Strategic Planning. 2021, No. 3(35). pp. 5-24. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.37468/2307-1400-2021-3-5-24. EDN PHXQJO.
4. Anishchenko, A.V. Economic Security of Russia and the Integrity of Economic Systems: Theoretical and Methodological Aspects // Economic Security. - 2023. - Vol. 6, No. 2. - Pp. 627-646. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18334/ecsec.6.2.117791. - EDN ITAMBN.
5. Mityakov S.N., Mityakov E.S. Development of the Theory of Risks and Thresholds of Economic Security // Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. - 2023. - No. 5. - Pp. 83-113. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.52180/2073-6487_2023_5_83_113. - EDN DRMHNE.
6. Restructuring of socio-economic systems: the institutional aspect of economic security in the context of sustainable development / N. D. Dmitriev, A. A. Zaitsev, V. V. Sorokozherdyev, M. M. Gadzhiev // Bulletin of the Altai Academy of Economics and Law. - 2023. - No. 9. - Pp. 44-53. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.17513/vaael.2971. - EDN WSFOGF.
7. Borodushko I. V., Matveev A. V. Modern trends and strategic goals of artificial intelligence development in the Russian Federation // National security and strategic planning. - 2024. - No. 2 (46). - Pp. 66-74. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.37468/2307-1400-2024-2-66-74. - EDN EFWHYT.
8. Kuzovleva N.F., Grechishkina A.D. Cybercrime and cybersecurity: issues of theory and practice in the Concept of Economic Security // Economy and Management: problems, solutions. - 2024. - Vol. 3, No. 1 (142). - Pp. 25-40. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2024.01.03.004. - EDN LJHCRI.
9. Stupachenko E.V. Strategy of economic security of the Russian Federation as a strategic planning document // National security and strategic planning. - 2017. - No. 3 (19). - Pp. 55-60. - EDN ZQLGLZ.
10. Kazantseva E.G. Economic security of the state as a strategic priority in the context of global transformation // Economic security. – 2022. – Vol. 5, No. 3. – Pp. 739-756. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18334/ecsec.5.3.114819. – EDN RERMXR.
11. Sokolov A.B., Filatov V.I. New instruments of investment support for projects in the field of technological sovereignty // The world of the new economy. – 2023. – Vol. 17, No. 3. – Pp. 91-108. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2023-17-3-91-108. – EDN GYJDAP.
12. Berlin S.I., Smirnova E.V. Economic security in modern conditions of transformation of socio-economic systems // Bulletin of the Academy of knowledge. – 2024. – No. 5(64). – P. 84-89. – EDN INQUEE.
13. Nevodova I.A., Khasinov K.R., Khadzhiev I.A. Efficiency of Economic Security // Research in Natural Sciences and Humanities. – 2023. – No. 5(49). – P. 214-220. – EDN TDCJYY.
14. Vakhrukov D.S. Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation through 2030 with a Forecast through 2036 // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. – 2025. – No. 2. – P. 3-11. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7868/S3034520025020013. – EDN AHCTXZ.
15. Chuprov K.K. Methods for Identifying Territorial Clusters // Quality. Innovations. Education. – 2015. – No. 9(124). – P. 61-71. – EDN VJNYJD.
16. Rastvortseva S.N. Economic activity of Russian regions // Economic and social changes: facts, trends, forecast. - 2018. - Vol. 11, No. 1. - Pp. 84-99. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15838/esc.2018.1.55.6. - EDN TDWVIQ.
17. Volkov A.A. Comparative analysis of coal regions of Russia: development models and opportunities for economic diversification // Regional and industry economics. - 2025. - No. 5. - Pp. 174-180. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.47576/2949-1916.2025.5.5.021. - EDN CXWQNO.
18. Grishina I.V., Polynev A.O., Ugryumova A.A. The Impact of Economic Diversification on Labor Productivity in Russian Regions // Regionology. - 2024. - Vol. 32, No. 4 (129). - Pp. 691-711. - DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.129.032.202404.691-711. - EDN KXZLHN.
19. Structural Modernization of the Russian Economy: Conditions, Directions, Mechanisms / E. B. Lenchuk, N. Yu. Akhapkin, V. I. Filatov [et al.]. - St. Petersburg: Aleteya Publishing House, 2022. - 276 p. - ISBN 978-5-00165-447-6. - EDN AKJPDT.
