Article purpose is the explanation of essence of the economic device of Russia and the world. The economy submits to an extreme principle of the maximum profit which, being realised in a competition, on the one hand promotes economic development, with another - inevitably conducts to an exhaustion of resources, increase of a social and economic inequality and, finally, to acceleration of destruction of mankind. The reason of mankind gives the chance to it which is represented to the most real in Russia, to create a society of general equality and the harmony, capable to keep the Earth and Life.